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Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke

Noble Lydiard Tregoze 1678-09-15 – 1751-12-12 London English, French Main: London Other: Ablon , Dawley , Fontainebleau , Orléans , Paris , Rome , Switzerland diplomat journalist philosopher politician writer Henry St. John Bolingbroke, Viscount, 1678-1751 (viaf) Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke (wikidata)

Contributions

  1. Letters on the Spirit of Patriotism, On the Idea of a Patriot King, and on the State of Parties, at the Accession of King George the First has translation author
  2. Letters on the study and use of history has translation author
  3. L'Examen important de milord Bolingbroke écrit sur la fin de 1736 has translation False (logic) author

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British statesman and political philosopher who enjoyed a greater prestige in France than in Britain. He introduced key words, such as 'patriot' and 'patriotism' into the political vocabulary, whose message, like its author – a Whiggish Tory who sought to combat the 'corruption' of his nation's 'genius' and to restore its 'liberty' – was ambiguous enough to accommodate a radical, even Jacobin, interpretation.

Member of the Club de l'Entresol, where he may have met Montesquieu, whose 'L'Esprit des Lois' owed a considerable debt to Bolingbroke's writings. Voltaire dedicated his tragedy 'Brutus' to Bolingbroke.

Bolingbroke contributed anonymous editorials on English policy to 'The Craftsman' anti-Walpole periodical, which were translated into French in 1737.

For a good introduction see Marc Fumaroli, 'An English Cicero in the France of Louis XIV: Henry St John, Viscount Bolingbroke', in 'When the world spoke French' (2001, NYRB editions).